Group 4: Queen-Pawn, including Flank Openings

• Queen's Gambit Accepted 1 d4 d5 2 c4 dxc4: Another tough line, this defence often leads to isolated-queen-pawn positions.
• Queen Pawn Openings This includes the Torre (1 d4 Nf6 2 Nf3 followed by 3 Bg5), the Trompovsky (1 d4 Nf6 2 Bg5) and other tricky systems where White plays 1 d4 but does not afterward push his c-pawn 2 squares.
• Reti Opening A quiet opening with many positional traps. White plays 1 Nf3 and, in the ensuing play, fianchettoes his king bishop, but avoids both d2-d4 (Queen Pawn Openings) and c2-c4 (the English).
• English Opening Characterized by 1 c4, with distinctive features after 1 ... e5 or 1 ... c5 by Black. White also often uses the English to sidestep certain Black defences against 1 d4.